Differentiate between a discrete variable, continuous variable, qualitative variable and quantitative variable.

1. Reading Assignment (20 points): Read Chapter 3 & 5 of Statistics for Evidence-based
Practice in Nursing (2017) Chapters 3 & 5
a) Answer the following questions in your own words:
i. What is the difference between the independent variable and dependent
variable. Give examples of each
ii. Differentiate between a discrete variable, continuous variable, qualitative
variable and quantitative variable.
iii. What are some ways to improve reliability and validity
iv. Levels of measurement are an important factor in determining which type of
chart to use. Explain why this is the case

2. SPSS Assignment (80 points)
In a study of medical surgical nursing student exam grades Dr. Koestler examined 40
participants in an undergraduate medical surgical class. The exam grades were reported on a
continuous scale from 0 to 100. The SPSS assignment records the exam grades for all 40
subjects.
1. Use the Exam_Score2 dataset to prepare the following in SPSS (20 points).
a. A frequency distribution
b. A cumulative frequency distribution
c. A histogram (cut and paste to this document)
d. A frequency polygon
2. Determine from your output (20 points)
a. Using the Robert E. Smith School of Nursing Grading Scale determine what
percentage of the students failed the exam?
b. Determine the Mean, Mode and Median of this data set
3. How would you describe the shape of this distribution in terms of: Shape, Modality, Center,
Range, Outliers, Gaps (30 points)
4. Submit the output to assignment portal by due date (10 points)