Explain the importance of reducing exposure dose and time to a patient undergoing a diagnostic X-ray examination. Describe ways to achieve this.

X-ray Spectra and Medical Uses of X-rays

There are two distinct components to an X-ray spectrum generated by an Xray tube — the braking radiation and characteristic lines. The appearances of these two components depend on the nature of the tube and its operating conditions. Describe the features of these components relating them to the mechanisms by which they are produced.

Draw and label a schematic diagram to show the structure of a basic X-ray tube.

Describe the production of X-rays by a rotating anode tube. Explain the advantages of using a rotating anode compared to a fixed anode.

Explain the importance of reducing exposure dose and time to a patient undergoing a diagnostic X-ray examination. Describe ways to achieve this.

 

What makes them harmful or not harmful to human body? Which part do wifi, cellphone, or microwave radiation belong to? Are they harmful to human body?

Does wifi, cellphone or microwave radiation affect our health? and Why

Along with this document, there are 5 research papers included in the Final Project folder on Blackboard that you are required to read and refer to when writing your own research paper. More specifically, these 5 research papers should serve the following purposes as you prepare, draft and edit your final research paper:
As templates or sample papers as you write your own;
As your references .
In this paper, you are also required to give a clear introduction to Electromagnetic Waves , including:
Different parts of the EM spectrum
What’s in common and what are the differences among different parts of the EM spectrum?
What makes them harmful or not harmful to human body?
Which part do wifi, cellphone, or microwave radiation belong to? Are they harmful to human body? If yes, what makes them harmful? If no, please explain. What evidence do you have to support your claim/hypothesis?

Discuss any comments or opinions you have about the article. Do you agree or disagree? Why or why not did you find it interesting? What did you learn?

Writing Literacy Plan: Current Event Assignment
Mrs. Murphy-Bozkurt/Western High School
1. Read the current event article given.
2. After reading it, address in a separate sheet of paper each of the following.
A. Main Idea
– Summarize in a paragraph the main idea of the article.
– Provide two pieces of evidence from the text that support the main idea.
B. Personal Opinion
Discuss any comments or opinions you have about the article. Do you agree or disagree? Why or why not did you find it interesting? What did you learn?
Include any comments or opinions about the article you have.
C. Write down four vocabulary words from the article that you are not familiar with OR which you think are important for understanding the main idea of the article.

Provide definitions for these words OR explain why the words are important for understanding the main idea of the article

Write 2 – 3 sentences describing the mass number, charge, and penetrating ability of alpha particles.

In this test you will apply what you have learned in the unit. Please answer the questions below. Submit this to your teacher when you are done.

Show all your work on this test.

Nuclear Structure

a. Protons and neutrons make up the nucleus of an atom. Write 3 – 4 sentences describing the electrostatic force between each pair of particles and the strong nuclear force between each pair of particles.

b. Write 3 – 4 sentences predicting the changes in electrostatic force, strong nuclear force, and the stability of a nucleus if the number of neutrons is increased.

c. Write 2 – 3 sentences describing Einstein’s explanation for why the total starting mass is greater than the total ending mass after a nuclear reaction.

Question 2: Radioactivity

a. Write 2 – 3 sentences describing the mass number, charge, and penetrating ability of alpha particles.

b. Write the symbol for the nucleus that completes the nuclear equation:

 

What happens to the distance from the image to a convex lens (di) as the object moves closer to the lens?

Repeat steps 1 – 7, this time using the concave mirror. Be sure to angle the mirror to project the image onto the screen, as shown in figure 2. Record your calculations and measurements in data table 2.

Place a polarized film over the light source. Place another polarized film on top of the first. Slowly turn the second film while keeping the first film stationary. Notice what happens to the brightness of the light.

Analyze

1. What happens to the height of the image (hi) formed by a convex lens as the object moves closer to the lens?

2. What happens to the distance from the image to a convex lens (di) as the object moves closer to the lens?

3. How do the calculated results compare with the experimental results for the lens and mirror experiments?

4. Create a graphic organizer to show the different images created by the convex lens and concave mirror.

5. In part 3, what happened to the brightness of the light when you put the polarizing filter over the light source? What happened to the brightness as you turned the filter?

6. In part 3, describe what was happening to the light as it passed through the prism.

7. In part 3, the laser pointer used for the experiment was red. Consult an electromagnetic spectrum chart. What does the color of the laser tell you about the relative frequency of the visible light in the laser? What does the color tell you about the relative wavelength of the visible light in the laser?

Graph the points from Activity 2 Table 1 and draw a line of best fit and determine the slope of the line.

KINEMATICS ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS
OVERVIEW
Laboratory reports are an essential component of a physics education.
INSTRUCTIONS
Download this document and record the results for each table. Activities 1–3 are to be performed for this exercise. All photos, data tables, and discussion must be submitted within a single 1–2-page Word document.
Activity 1
Submit a photo of the final graph of data table given in Activity 1 labeled with your name and the date.
Activity 2
Record time at various positions below in Activity 2, Table 1 per the details in Activity 2 laboratory exercise instructions. Graph the points from Activity 2 Table 1 and draw a line of best fit and determine the slope of the line. Graph paper is included below or is available by printing from the laboratory exercise instructions. This is the speed of the car.
Submit a photo of the graph and your work to determine the speed of the car.

How does the size of the electric force between two charged objects change if the amount of charge on one of the objects is doubled?

In this test you will apply what you have learned in the unit. Please answer the questions below. Submit this to your teacher when you are done.

Show all your work on this test.

Electrostatics

a. Draw the electric field lines around a positive charge.

b. Calculate the electric force that exists between two objects that are 0.500 m apart and carry charges of 0.00450 C and 0.00240 C. Is this force attractive or repulsive?

c. How does the size of the electric force between two charged objects change if the amount of charge on one of the objects is doubled?

d. How does the size of the electric force between two charged objects change if the charges are moved farther apart?

e. The image below shows a metal sphere on a stand. Based on the charges shown, describe the overall charge on the sphere.

f. On the model below, draw how the negative charges in the same sphere are redistributed when a negatively charged rod is brought near it, as shown.

Define the pitch of these below musical note frequency?

Q1 I. There are 9 different types of energy. In a suitable small table, could you list and in your words define or describe the energy forms.

ii. In a typical filament light bulb
⦁ 3KJ of energy is supplied, providing the equivalent of 1.75KJ of light, 1.15KJ of heat and 100J of sound energy. Represent this in the form of a Sankey diagram.
⦁ Why must the energy supplied equal the energy output?
⦁ A sealed vacuum flask of hot water will cool over time. In terms of energy, explain why.
iii. The national grid uses multiple different sources of energy to generate our electricity. In a suitable list, provide the energy source (materials).

1.1,
1.2,
1.3

Q2 i. The symbol for density is the Greek letter “rho”. With this in mind, please show the formula for density in fluids and clarify the variables.

ii. A gold cylinder is suspended in water. Cylinder volume is 1 x 10-6 m3.Density of gold is 19,300 kg/m3. What is the mass of the cylinder?

iii. Define Archimedes principle and in your own words explain with
examples/diagrams what this means to you if you crossed from a wooden boat to a steel boat.

iv. A 100-cm3 block of lead that weighs 11 N is carefully submerged in water. One cm3 of water weighs 0.0098 N.
⦁ What volume of water does the lead displace?
⦁ How much does that volume of water weigh?
⦁ What is the buoyant force on the lead?
⦁ Will the lead block sink or float in the water?

v. The same 100-cm3 lead block is carefully submerged in a container of mercury. One cm3 of mercury weighs 0.13 N.
⦁ What volume of mercury is displaced?
⦁ How much does that volume of mercury weigh?
⦁ What is the buoyant force on the lead?
⦁ Will the lead block sink or float in the mercury?

2.1,
2.2
Q3 i. There are 9 different types of forces. In a suitable small table could you list and in your own words define or describe the forces. Divide the list based on their interaction with their surroundings as well.

ii. Explain in your own words the difference between your weight and mass.
iii. From the formula for speed derive the formula for velocity and then acceleration. Besides and using the derivations of formula, show the arrangement of SI units to give the final SI units. 3.1,
3.2,
3.4
Q4 i. Lindsey rode her moped to the corner shop to buy some bread. This table shows how far she travelled from home every 20 seconds.
Time (Seconds) Distance (Metres)
0 0
20 20
40 50
60 100
80 160
100 200
120 200
140 200
160 275
180 300
200 350
220 400
240 450

ii. In total, how far was Lindsey’s journey from home to the shop?
iii. In total, how long was her journey from home to the shop?
iv. Look at the table, what was Lindsey doing between 100 and 140 seconds of her journey?
v. We can use her total distance and total time to work out her average speed for the whole trip. What is her average speed for the whole trip?
vi. Using suitable scales etc…You can now use the table to plot a distance/time graph. 3.1,
3.2,
3.4,
3.5
Q5 Using the skills, you developed from your balancing force exercises.
i. One Direction are playing in the playground. They get on the seesaw.
Niall and Harry site 0.7m away from the pivot; the others sit 0.55m away on the other side and it balances.
ii. Combined, Niall and Harry have a force of 1000N. What is the force of the rest of the band?
iii. Niall and Harry get off and are replaced by Taylor Swift. She has a force of 450N. How far away should she sit to balance the seesaw?

iv. Sheldon and Penny are having a bet. The loser has to sing “Soft Kitty” to the winner. Raj and Howard are sat equidistant from the pivot. Penny thinks that Bernadette would need to sit twice as far away as Raj to balance Howard; Sheldon thinks it’s three times as far.

Raj and Howard both have a force of 60N and are sat 0.9m apart. Bernadette has a force of 43N. Who will have to sing “Soft Kitty”?
3.5
Q6 i. Define electrical conductors and Insulators, with explanation of their uses?

ii. Define these terms: – a) Current. b)Voltage. c) Potential difference. d)Resistance. e)Power. f) DC & AC.

iii. Write each components name front of it?

iv. On a modern hairdryer handle it states:
1600 W 230 V 50 Hz
a) Write an equation which shows the relationship between current power and voltage?

b) Calculate the current in the hairdryer when it is on full power. Show clearly how you get your answer?

4.1
4.3
4.4
4.5

4.2
Q7 i. The diagram shows the oscilloscope traces of two different sounds P and Q. The oscilloscope setting is exactly the same in both cases.

P and Q sound different.
Write down two differences in the way they sound.
Explain your answers as fully as you can.

ii. a) Using by diagrams define wave frequency, wavelength and amplitude?
b) Calculate the wavelength of a sound wave in water of frequency 300Hz if its speed is 1500m/s.?
iii. a) What is Electromagnetic radiation?
b) Define and explain their practical uses of: –
c) Gama rays?
d) X- rays?
e) ultra-violate

iv) a) Define the pitch of these below musical note frequency?

b) The diagram below shows the appearance of a sound wave on an oscilloscope. Draw a second diagram showing the appearance of a sound wave of lower pitch but greater loudness.

5.2
5.1
5.4
5.5