State and discuss one similarity between them (other than the fact that they are used for compacting).

Compaction

Begin by reading about the various compaction equipment (Have attached the pages). Select any two compaction rollers.

State and discuss one similarity between them (other than the fact that they are used for compacting). State and discuss one difference between them. Similarities and differences may be discussed in the context of equipment design, type of soil being compacted, compaction requirements, size of project, etc.

What would be your personal choice for decision making in most instances and what circumstances might change the type of decision making that you would prefer?

You are faced with a decision to have a medical procedure. One physician tells you there’s no other choice and you must undergo the procedure. Another tells you about the harms and benefits and advises you to go ahead. The third provider lays out the options and tells you it’s your decision.

Review the types of Individual Decision Making from Table 3-5 of the text (Chapter 3-pages 72-73) and explore the following:

How does each relate to the 3 situations outlined above?

What are specific examples that might substantiate the use of each type of decision-making?

What would be your personal choice for decision making in most instances and what circumstances might change the type of decision making that you would prefer?

Instructions

Your report should be no less than two pages, double-spaced, Times New Roman, 12 font. (500 words). Use supporting sources as necessary. Make sure to use proper in-text citations.

What are the main reasons that global population has increased dramatically since the 1950s?

1) Lomborg mentions that a “trading economy” allows a nation to exist beyond the country’s actual sustainability. Do you agree with this or not? Explain why. What is a “trading economy”?

2) Lomborg mentions that increased urban migration will alleviate the overcrowding caused by overpopulation and may actually decrease environmental pressures on the rural landscape. Do you agree with this or not? Explain why.

3) What are the main reasons that global population has increased dramatically since the 1950s?

4) Do you think that, generally speaking, urban areas provide greater benefits than do rural areas in the developing world? Do you think that an increasingly urbanized society is the answer to global poverty?

5) Summarize Lomborg’s assessment of population change in Europe

Explain the reasons why some of these changes have taken place and how it has affected biodiversity in different areas.

Biogeography report

Biogeography is the study of the spatial distribution of plants and animals and the reasons behind their occurrences. These questions can concern global to very local scales, over many different time scales. One way to identify patterns in space and time at local scale is by using historical and contemporary maps. Using historical maps makes it possible to trace land use changes and areas with a continuity of land use, thus making it possible to identify possible hotspots of biodiversity in a landscape based on ecological principles. Stable areas or areas with small-scale disturbances will have more species than areas with more and larger scale disturbances. In the present landscape habitats such as semi-natural grasslands and deciduous forests have an exceptional high species richness compared to other areas in the landscape. A reason for this is that they were much larger areas in the past and have accumulated species over time. During the last 200 years many forests and grasslands have been turned into crop-fields or planted with conifer forests.

Your task is to investigate the pattern between the sediment grain size (finer, coarse, mixed or bedrock) and vegetation and land use. Do not worry about the specific names of the sediments in the legend, the focus is on how moist or dry the sediment is and whether one can plough the land. You should identify the main relationships between land use (for example built-up areas, forest plantations, crop fields, semi-natural grasslands and forest), change over time and sediment type. Explain the drivers of the land uses over time and changes you can identify in the landscape.

Below you will find five maps to help you: from 1868-77, 1948, and today, and a map of surface sediment types. These are available from the bottom of the page as pdf files, and linked from the instructions as tifs. A pdf file with legends for all maps is also available at the bottom of the page. Note that the maps do not include exactly the same classes, therefore you should describe the changes you observe in a broad sense. The area within the red square is your area of interest

By August 13th, you should submit a maximum 1 page report addressing the following questions:

Look at the historical economical map (Valla 1868 77 zoomed). Compare what’s in the red square with the sediment map and describe the main relationship between the grain size of the sediment (finer, coarse, mixed or bedrock, which affect the water holding capacity) and land use. How has sediment type affected land use in 1868 in the study area?

Open the map Valla 1948. Compare it with the maps from 1868 77. What has changed from 1868-1948? What has not changed much?
Open the map Valla landuse today and a contemporary aerial photograph. Describe the main relationships between location, sediment, land use and vegetation patterns today.

What main changes have taken place in land use since 1948? What land uses are the same?
What places have been stable?

Conclusions: Explain the reasons why some of these changes have taken place and how it has affected biodiversity in different areas (short and simply).

Describe ways 4Ocean uses media to raise awareness of ocean conservation including online presence and endorsement of public figures and influential business and government persons.

Topic: Support of government agency ocean conservation efforts by private organizations

Outline:

List limitations of government agencies in ocean conservation efforts including limited funding

Example of 4Ocean as a private organization with the specific goal of ocean conservation

Discuss how 4Ocean uses merchandise created from ocean pollution plastic to support different ocean conservation causes

Describe ways 4Ocean uses media to raise awareness of ocean conservation including online presence and endorsement of public figures and influential business and government persons

List ways 4Ocean and other private organizations have made a direct or indirect impact on ocean conservation laws and policies