What type of microscopy would be needed to view SARS-CoV-2? Why? What cell type or organelle would be of an equivalent size to this virus?

Centers for Disease Control: COVID-19
World Health Organization: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic
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SARS-CoV-2 Identification

1.Early in the pandemic, researchers suspected that COVID-19 was caused by a virus. What are some ways that they could confirm that a virus, and not bacteria, was responsible for this disease?

2.What type of microscopy would be needed to view SARS-CoV-2? Why? What cell type or organelle would be of an equivalent size to this virus?

3.Based on the Baltimore classification of viruses, which groups would SARS-CoV-2 fall within? What type of genetic material does it contain? Are there any related viruses that cause disease in humans?

SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Genetics

4.Based on your response to question three, draw the replication cycle of SARS-CoV-2.

5.How could SARS-CoV-2 be cultivated? What biological materials would be needed?

6.If viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 are unable to metabolize organic molecules, where do they get the energy to undergo replication?

7.As discussed above, SARS-CoV-2 has an RNA genome. Discuss three differences between RNA and DNA.

8.During the course of the pandemic, several variants of the original SARS-CoV-2 virus have become dominant strains circulating through human populations. Discuss the steps that are involved with the formation of a variant and its increase in prevalence.

COVID-19 Treatments

9.One of the few drugs that have been found to be effective against SARS-CoV-2 is remdesivir. How does this drug inhibit viral replication?

10.Predict which physical or chemical methods of control would be effective against viruses like SARS-CoV-2. List two physical or chemical methods and their mechanism of action.

11.What are at least two suspected reservoirs for SARS-CoV-2, besides humans?

12.How can SARS-CoV-2 be transmitted? For each of the possible transmission mechanisms, discuss whether or not this is a potential source of transmission.

Direct contact
Indirect contact
Vehicle
Vector

13.Why is quarantine an important tool used by public health to reduce the spread of COVID-19?

14.How can herd immunity prevent the spread of viruses within a human population?

15.Some of the first vaccines developed for COVID-19 were RNA vaccines. After the administration of the vaccine, how does this result in an immune response if exposed to the actual virus?