Summarize the Iconoclast Controversy.Explain the religious significance of it and how it contributes to the differences between eastern and western Christianity.
History of Western Civilization I

Part I: Identifications
Define five (5) of the following ten (10) terms. When defining the term, you need to explain who
or what the term referred to, when and where the term occurred, and the terms historical
significance or lasting impact. (60 points)
1. Justinian
2. Duke of Normandy
3. The First Crusade
4. Magna Carta
5. Fourth Lateran Council
6. Henry II
7. Pope Innocent III
8. Charlemagne
9. Investiture Conflict
10. Philip II, aka Philip Augustus

Part II: Short Essay Questions
Answer one (1) of the following essay questions. Make sure to sue historical examples in your
short essay responses. (40 points)
1. What were the different motivations of Pope Urban II and Emperor Alexius as they relate
to the First Crusade? Which of them do you believe was more successful in achieving his
objective?
2. How did Philip II expand the territory of France? What techniques did he use to govern
and how effective were these techniques?
3. Summarize the Iconoclast Controversy.Explain the religious significance of it and how it
contributes to the differences between eastern and western Christianity.